Major Subfields of AI - Computer Vision (CV)

 Computer Vision (CV) is a very significant branch of AI that can help machines to see and analyze visual data in form of pictures and videos. Its subfields are object recognition, image classification, and object detection which find application in self-driving cars, medical imaging and security systems. Others include video processing, which includes motion estimation and event detection and video tracking. 

The major fields in computer vision.

• Image and Object Recognition: Object, face and other visual image recognition and classification.
• Object Detection: Moving past classification and locating objects within an image, in addition to classifying them, which may be achieved by drawing bounding boxes around them.
• Image and Video Segmentation: The process of splitting an image or a video into parts in order to identify various objects or areas. This is semantic (labeling pixels with class names) and instance (labeling individual instances of an object) segmentation.
• Motion and Tracking: The process of studying how Objects move over the timeframe of a video and estimating the movement direction of objects, generally applied in tracking objects, or decoding actions.
• 3D and Pose Estimation: Recalling a 3D representation of a scene or 3D locating an object or a person.
• Image Restoration: Restoration or repairing damaged or noisy images to enhance the quality of an image. 

Common applications

• Autonomous Vehicles: The idea of autonomous cars is to allow cars to sense the world around them by identifying other cars, pedestrians, and road signs.
• Healthcare: Helping with the analysis of medical imaging, e.g. by detecting tumors in CT or diseases in X-rays.
• Robotics: Giving robots visual abilities in performing such tasks as inventory management, defects and route-finding.
• Security and Surveillance: Easily the facial recognition feature is provided, the anomalous behavior is detected and monitored over a large area.
• Manufacturing: It is used to automatically check the products to help to check defects and assume product quality.
• Augmented and Virtual Reality (AR/VR): following and placing the virtual objects in the real world.